James a



(No Model.)

J. A. ROBERTS. PLANING MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 11, 1884.

i lNrrsD STATES VArmar tries.

JAMES A. ROBERTS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO IVM.. M. DW'IGIIT,

OF SAME PLAGE.

PLANI`NG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 294,914, dated March 11, 1884.

i Appliealirn filed December-J9, 1583. (No model.)

ifo. LZZ whom it' 'may concern:

Be it known that I, .Timms A. Ronnrefrs, of Detroit, in the county of Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planing-Machines, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the construction and arrangement of cutter-tools, designed to be used in connection with planer-heads, for the purpose of making ceiling, tiooring, and other like work. y

The invention consists, first, in the peculiar formation of the tools employed; second, in their combination and arrangement in relation to each other and the planer-head; and, third, in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and various combinations of theparts,

' all as more fully hereinafter set forth.

The object of my invention is to construct a tool that will produce uniform and smooth work, and to so arrange them in relation to each other in the planer-head that I can stick or form two pieces of matched flooring or ceiling at the one passage of the board through the machine. j

Figure l is a diagram plan view of a planing-machine. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the cylinder-heads. `Fig. 3 is a perspective-view of one of the knives for forming the bead and tongue. the divider-knife. Fig. 5 is a section ot' a cylinder-head with my improved cutters. Figs. 6 and 7 represent the beading-knife now in common use.l j

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, A represents a pl anin g-machine, provided with the rotary cut` ter-heads B at the sides, and the cylinder cutter-heads C, as inthe ordinary constructions of that class of wood-working machinery, and adapted to be adjusted so as to operate upon boards of various thickness and width. The heads B are provided with suitable cutters, a, for forminglthe grooves in the edges of the board, and the heads C are provided with the ordinary planer -knives, D, for planing the board. These heads C are also provided upon Fig. et is similar Aview of one side with a tongue and beading-tool, E, and upon the opposite side with a dividingtool, F. rIhese tools -E and F are secured to their respective positions by means of cap G, 55 through which passes a square-headed bolt, H, receiving a nut, I, upon its outer end, while the heads of the bolt enter a slot in the cutter-head. The inner faces of the caps are grooved to receive the tools E and F. knife E is of the form employed for producing the beads and tongue in thebody of the board in making ceilings, and they are adj usted upon 4 the heads at some desired distance from' the n guide side ot' the machine, so as to produce 65 ceiling of a given width, and the dividerknives are so arranged upon the opposite sides of the heads, that as the board passes through the machine it divides the tongueat its longitudinal center. By this arrangement of the 7o parts, boards of varying widths may be passed through the machine, producing ceiling of a given width upon the guideside, while the other pieces will vary in accordance with the varyingwidths of the boards introduced, the 7 5 grooving-knife upon the guide side being un Y, changed, while that upon the opposite side of the machine is adjusted to the width of mate# rial to be operated upon. l

Any of the well-known means may be em- So ployed to adjust the grooving -knife5 but I prefer that shown in Fig. l, in which P is a plate attached to the frame, and having a proj ection, p, provided with a slot, through which passes the' rod It, said rod being attached to S5 the bearing which supports the grooving-knife shaft, and by meansof the set-screw i', passing through the said projection and'bearing upon the rod It, the same may be held in any desired position.

It will readily be seen that by the employ ment and arrangement of the knives, as hereinbefore described, I am enabled to perform double the amount of work that can be produced on a machine wherein the grooves and 95 tongues are formed upon the outside edges, producing but one strip or piece at a time. In making flooring where the bead is dispensed with, thetonguing-knife is made with a straight cutting-edge. j

In Fig. 3 Ishow one of myimproved beading and tonguing tools, which is made ofv a The 6o IOO at bar oi' steel, in one face of which is formed the grooves c upon either side of the tonguecutting edge d. The opposite face of this blank, and at the end thereof, is beveled off to form the cutting-edges. These tools are secured in the heads with their grooved faces outward, so that in the rotation of the head the bevel face of the tool is in advance, and by its use I am enabled to produce much smoother work than can be done in the use ofany ofthe tools now employed, where the bevel is at the rcverse side, as shown in Fig. (i. It will readily be seen that this tool can be easily sharpened without removing, by iiling the beveled i'ace,

not requiring a skillful workman, while in the old tool, Fig. T, the beading-tool is formed by filing the groove in the bevel face of the tool, which must necessarily be done by a skilled workman at considerable expense in time and labor,without procuring absolute uniformity; also requiring the removal ofthe tool in sharp` ening. The old tool has also to be frequently replaced, as but little ot'it can be used, while in my construction nearly the entire blank can be used, so long as there is sufficient length to berigidly secured by the cap.

While I have stated that ilooring or ceiling may be made ot' varying widths of boards, it is obvious that, provided proper boards are used, I can make two boards or strips ot" ceiling or looring ol" even and prescribed widths, thus saving the trouble and expense ot' ripping, which latter process is less economical, as it. requires iive-eighths inch wider material to produce the same amount of stock.

Having described the manufacture of ceiling, i'rom the preceding description it will be seen that by varying the l'ornls ot" the cutting edges of the knives diii'erent styles of ceiling and iiooring may be produced.

I am aware thatit isnot new to use a single knife to divide a board longitudinally, and at the same time to form a tongue on the edges of the board adjacent to said line of division, and lay no claim to such construction, as by using a single kni i'e there is a greater consumption of power, loss of material, and straining of parts by reason of the large bite said knife must be made to take in order to perform its `work, whereas, by the employment of one knife to form the tongue and a separate one to divide said tongue midway, I overcome the objections to those machines as heretofore constructed, where onlyone knife is employed to perl'orm the double office et' forming the tongue and dividing the same at one and the saine operation.

`\V hat I claim as my invention isl. In a tongue-and-grooving machine for making two strips simultaneously from one piece of board, an upper and lower cutterhead, each provided with two plancrknives upon opposite faces, and a set o1`- beading and dividing tools adjustably secured. upon the intermediate faces, in combination with twoedged groovingtools and adjustable edge guides, substantially as described.

2. In a planing-machine for making two strips ol'I ceiling or iiooring simultaneously from one board, a head provided with a set ol' planer-knives and a set of beading-tools, said beading-tools being adjustably secured to said head, in combination with a fixed and an adjustable side grooving-tool, whereby the machine is adapted to boards of dit'ferentwidths, and the bead can be formed at any desired point on said board, as and for the purpose herein described.

JAMES A. ROBERTS. Witnesses:

VILLTAM M. Dwn; n'r, H. S. SPRAG'UE. 

